Subtotal Colectomy + Ileostomy

Mostly used for acute severe ulcerative colitis or when drug therapy is ineffective, with uncontrolled bleeding, toxic megacolon, risk of perforation, or severe malnutrition. The decision considers the extent and severity of the disease, risk of sepsis or perforation, previous treatment responses and complications, overall organ function and anesthesia tolerance, and the patient's willingness to undergo ostomy and subsequent reconstruction.