Low-Intensity Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (Li-ESWT)

Low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (LI-ESWT) may be considered for mild to moderate erectile dysfunction mainly due to vascular factors, unstable response to medication or lifestyle interventions, and a desire to try non-invasive treatment. Suitability depends on the etiology assessment, comorbidities (such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease), previous treatment history, the presence of contraindications, and expected goals.