Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)

CABG may be considered in the presence of left main or multi-vessel disease, diffuse stenosis, clear evidence of myocardial ischemia, or combined with diabetes, impaired cardiac function, and anatomy unfavorable for intervention. The decision is based on a comprehensive assessment by the cardiac team, considering lesion distribution, available grafts, overall surgical risk, response to previous treatment, and long-term medication tolerance.